ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ
Introduction: Adolescence represents a specific phase of development and the period of the most frequent initiation of the adoption of risky behaviors, which can lead to health disorders in a young person currently or later in their life. Therefore, risky behaviors such as the use of tobacco, alcohol, illegal substances, as well as extensive use of the Internet, gaming and gambling pose challenges to public health. The goal of this thesis was to assess the extent of the problem and to identify risk factors for the emergence of the most common addictions among young people in our community, so that they could be influenced. Methods: The survey research was conducted within the project β31 May, World No Tobacco Dayβ by the Institute for Public Health of Vojvodina in 2017. The research was conducted in 65 classes of 19 high schools and gymnasiums in Novi Sad and included 1.236 first-graders. For the purposes of this research, the questionnaire that was used in the 2015 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) was used. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of abuse of illegal psychoactive substances among students was 12.9%. Young men consumed alcoholic beverages and cannabis statistically significantly more times than girls, while girls smoked cigarettes and used sedatives statistically significantly more times in their life than young men. Young men were also statistically significantly more likely to gamble for money and play games excessively on the Internet, while girls used the Internet and social media more often. Students with lower average grade at the end of the last term were statistically significantly more likely to smoke, consume alcoholic beverages and abuse cannabis, as well as participate in gambling activities compared to people with better grades. With less emotional support from the parents, an increase in the frequency of consumption of cigarettes, alcohol, illegal psychoactive substances and gambling was observed, while with an increase of the parental control, there was an opposite effect. With higher health risk perception, a decrease in the consumption of psychoactive substances was observed. Conclusion: Contemporary trends create new challenges for monitoring and assessment of the actual prevalence of risky behaviors among young people. Knowing the risk factors and protective factors when it comes to risky behaviors is useful for determining the target groups and methodology to be used during preventive interventions in order to increase their success.
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