Zinc Fingers and oxidative stress : reactivity towards hypochlorous acid and singlet oxygen - PhDData

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Zinc Fingers and oxidative stress : reactivity towards hypochlorous acid and singlet oxygen

The thesis was published by Lebrun, Vincent, in November 2014, Université de Grenoble.

Abstract:

Widely spread in the living world, zinc finger proteins constitute a large superfamily, with a zinc site of general formula [ZnII(Cys)4-X(His)X] (x=0, 1 or 2) as a common feature. Whereas the majority of such sites plays a purely structural role, a few of them exhibit a reactive function (e.g. oxidative stress detection). Indeed, zinc finger sites of Hsp33 and RsrA have been shown to act as redox switches[1,2]: transmitting the information “oxidative stress” as a structural signal, by means of oxidation/reduction of its ZnII-coordinating cysteines. However, the precise mechanism of the oxidation step remains poorly understood.Given the occurrence of zinc finger proteins and their key roles, it is of high biological interest to identify factors controlling their reactivity and to understand why some ROS are able to oxidize them in vivo, on the contrary to H2O2. In this project, we decided to focus on two major ROS: hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a key player of the immune response, and singlet oxygen (1O2), produced in significant amount by photosynthetic organisms. By use of peptide model complexes, reproducing perfectly the structure of some archetypal zinc fingers, we investigated the reactivity of zinc fingers toward those ROS.

Très rĂ©pandues dans le monde vivant, les protĂ©ines Ă  doigt de zinc constituent une super-famille dont les membres possèdent un site Ă  zinc de formule gĂ©nĂ©rale [ZnII(Cys)4-X(His)X] (x=0, 1 or 2). Tandis que la majoritĂ© de ces sites joue un rĂ´le purement structural, certains prĂ©sentent une fonction rĂ©active, comme la dĂ©tection de stress oxydant par exemple. En effet, les sites doigt de zinc de Hsp33 et de RsrA ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits comme des interrupteurs rĂ©dox[1,2] : transmettant l’information « stress oxydant » sous forme d’un signal structural, via l’oxydation/rĂ©duction des cystĂ©ines coordonnĂ©es au zinc, dĂ©truisant/reformant le domaine doigt de zinc. Cependant, certains aspects de l’Ă©tape d’oxydation restent mal compris.Étant donnĂ© le grand nombre des protĂ©ines Ă  doigt de zinc et leurs rĂ´les clĂ©s, il est de tout intĂ©rĂŞt d’identifier les facteurs contrĂ´lant leur rĂ©activitĂ© afin de comprendre pourquoi certaines espèces rĂ©actives de l’oxygène (ERO) sont capable d’oxyder des doigts de zinc in vivo, contrairement Ă  H2O2. Durant ce projet, nous avons dĂ©cidĂ© de nous focaliser sur deux ERO très puissantes et jouant un rĂ´le important en biologie : l’acide hypochloreux (HOCl) et l’oxygène singulet (1O2). Nous Ă©tudierons la rĂ©activitĂ© des doigts de zinc vis-Ă -vis de ces deux oxydant en utilisant des modèles peptidiques, reproduisant parfaitement la structure de doigts de zinc courants.



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