The thesis aims to address three major issues: what exploitation is, why exploitation is unjust for egalitarians, and how we should respond to mutually beneficial and consensual exploitation. Thus, it is divided into three parts corresponding to the three issues. Part One critically engages with prominent accounts of exploitation developed by Alan Wertheimer and Ruth Sample. It defends a distinctive conception according to which exploitation is an egalitarian wrong that consists of exploiters gaining unfairly or disrespectfully by taking advantage of others. In Part Two, I review the debate between luck and relational egalitarianism and then, criticise luck egalitarian accounts of justice for failing to account for instances of exploitation that do not arise from unjust background conditions. In Part Three, I examine whether or not sweatshop exploitation�which benefits the poor in developing countries and generates social inequality�is morally permissible, all things considered, and whether third parties ought to interfere with it. Consequently, the thesis aims to deepen our understanding of egalitarian justice by exploring the relationships between exploitation and egalitarianism.