We study the steady Euler equations for inviscid, incompressible, and irrotational water waves of constant density. The thesis consists of three papers. The first paper approaches the Euler equations through a famous nonlocal model equation for gravity waves, namely the Whitham equation. We prove the existence of a highest gravity solitary wave which reaches the largest amplitude and forms a $C^{1/2}$ cusp at its crest. This confirms a 50-year-old conjecture by Whitham in the case of solitary waves, that the full linear dispersion in the Whitham equation would allow for high-frequency phenomena such as highest waves. In the second paper, we use a recently developed center manifold theorem for nonlocal and nonlinear equations to study small-amplitude gravity–capillary generalized and modulated solitary waves in a Whitham equation with small surface tension. The last paper treats the steady Euler equations directly. Here, the gravity and capillary coefficients are fixed but arbitrary, and for simplicity we place a non-resonance condition on the problem. We address the transverse dynamics of two-dimensional gravity–capillary periodic waves using a spatial dynamics technique, followed by a perturbation argument.