The human body can synthesize collagen, and one of the key moments in that process is the hydroxylation of the amino acids proline and lysine, for which vitamin C is necessary. In adults, vitamin C deficiency will disrupt collagen synthesis with the consequent development of scurvy. However, the consequences of disorders of collagen synthesis caused by vitamin C deficiency during intrauterine fetal development are still poorly understood. Using guinea pigs (Cavia porcelus) as an animal model that is genetically similar to humans in terms of vitamin C synthesis, the influence of prenatal deprivation of this vitamin on collagen synthesis as well as changes in organ development were investigated. During the experimentation, females were randomly divided into three groups: control (K) with seven pregnant females (n = 7), and two experimental E I (n = 7) and E II (n = 7). In the control group, females received water enriched with vitamin C throughout the experiment until the 50th day of gestation, while in the E I group on the 10th day of gestation, females received vitamin C, and in the E II group on the 20th day of gestation. The experiment was designed so that the deprivation of vitamin C lasted 30 (E II) and 40 days (E I). For histological analysis, fetuses were subjected to transcardiac perfusion fixation followed by tissue sampling (kidney, lung, bone, tooth, placental, cerebellar, and cerebellar tissues). Tissues were processed according to standard histological procedure and stained with immunohistochemical markers. For molecular and biochemical analysis after sacrifice, 100 mg of tissues of interest were sampled and stored at -80 °C and stored until further analysis. The molecular analysis included determining the degree of expression of the Coll1, Coll4a1, and Slc23a1 genes, while biochemical analysis included determining the concentration of hydroxyproline as a quantitative measure of collagen content. Prenatal vitamin C deficiency had a very large effect on kidney development. Experimental treatment led to the development of a hypoplastic kidney, which is smaller in size and weight compared to the kidneys of the control group. The nephrogenic zone is significantly wider in the kidneys from the E I and E II groups, and the analysis of the immunoexpression of the examined markers speaks in favour of delayed maturation. Experimental treatment led to delayed maturation of the lung parenchyma. According to the embryological phases of the lungs, up to two phases of development are lagging behind, which has resulted in a reduction in the share of future “air” space. Immunoexpression of the examined markers confirms the allegations related to developmental delay. The influence of vitamin C deficiency during gestation and on the development of skeletal muscles is evident. Analyzing the histomorphological characteristics, it was noticed that a large part of the muscle fibres in the E I and E II groups retained the central localization of the nucleus, which is also larger in diameter, which corresponds to the characteristics of immature myotubes. Immunohistochemical analyzes did not reveal significant differences between the analyzed groups. In guinea pig tooth preparations, the following is registered in vitamin C-deprived individuals: density and diameter of dental pulp capillaries, the thickness of predentine and dentin layers; there are delays in the process of direct ossification of the alveolar bone, as well as changes in the immunoexpression of the analyzed markers. Prenatal vitamin C deficiency on the skeletal system of guinea pig fruits led to a pronounced reduction of the extremities with present deformities; histological specimens have shown: drastic lag in enchondral ossification, in the metacarpal bone of the diaphysis and metaphysis of cartilaginous islets without signs of ossification, and the interstitial space is filled with erythrocytes; bone epiphysis is disturbed columnar organization with a predominance of hypertrophic chondrocytes, while the proximal phalanges are at the level of the cartilaginous model with the initial signs of the formation of the primary ossification centre. Analysis of the amount of hydroxyproline in the examined tissues showed an increase in the amount of hydroxyproline in samples of kidney, striated muscle, cerebellum, cerebellum, placenta and heart in group E I. While in the samples of lungs, bones, teeth, cartilage, fruit membranes and small intestine, a decrease in the amount of the analyzed parameter is observed. In the E II group, higher amounts of hydroxyproline were registered in samples of the kidney, striated muscle, cerebellum and cerebellum, bone, heart, placenta and amniotic sac. On the other hand, a decrease in the amount of hydroxyproline was observed in samples of the lungs, teeth, cartilage, small intestine and spleen. Analysis of gene expression shows that prenatal vitamin C deficiency has led to an increase in the expression of the Coll1 gene in the tooth, cerebellar, and cerebral samples. Experimental treatment on kidney, lung and striated muscle samples led to a decrease in the degree of expression of the analyzed gene, while no change in expression was found in bone tissue samples. Deprivation of vitamin C in cerebellar and bone samples led to an increase in the degree of expression of the Coll4a1 gene, while in the lungs the result was a decrease in the degree of expression. Vitamin C deficiency did not lead to changes in the expression of the Coll4a1 gene in samples from the kidneys, striated muscle, brain, and teeth. Discontinuation of exogenous vitamin C intake during gestation affected Slc23a1 gene expression in the form of increased expression on almost all analyzed organs (kidney, lung, cerebellum, cerebellum, tooth and bone). Only in the samples of the striated muscle, no change in the degree of expression of the analysed genes was found.