The dissertation focuses on the analysis of aircraft conflict situations. The research object is a simulation of two-aircraft conflict situations in flight considering deterministic and stochastic parameters. The dissertation addresses several main tasks: the applied methods for solving aircraft conflict situations were analysed, and their effectiveness was compared; the factors describing a two-aircraft conflict that affect flight efficiency and safety were studied; new application limits of the Dubins and 3HC algorithms were proposed, evaluating the criteria of safety and rational route selection; the stochastic problem methodology for aircraft conflict analysis was proposed. Then, a software code for aircraft conflict simulation was created by assessing safety and rational route selection. The dissertation consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusions, references and the authors’ articles published on the dissertation topic. The introduction reveals the investigated problem and the importance and object of the research. It describes the purpose and tasks, research methodology, scientific novelty, the practical significance of results, and the dissertation claims. The Introduction ends by presenting the Author’s publications on the dissertation’s subject, reports given at conferences and the dissertation’s structure. Chapter 1 reviews the literature. It contains methods for resolving conflicts, the limits of their application, advantages, and disadvantages. Also, it discusses factors describing an aircraft conflict affecting the safety and efficiency of flights. The chapter closes with conclusions and reconsidered dissertation tasks. Chapter 2 presents the proposed methodology for the Dubins path and 3HC algorithms and the limits of its application, considering the safety criteria and rational routing. Chapter 3 contains an analysis of the proposed methodology of the stochastic task of the aircraft conflict. Chapter 4 provides stochastic modelling of the two-aircraft conflict situation using the proposed Dubins path numerical model under conditions of uncertainty. Five articles have been published on the subject of the dissertation: two articles are indexed in the Web of Science Clarivate Analytics database, two were published in scientific journals and one – in peer-reviewed international conference proceedings. Six reports on the dissertation’s topic were presented at national and international scientific conferences.