Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) with serious health related complications such as pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. It affects 78 million persons yearly, and especially women. An emerging threat in the treatment of gonorroea is antimicrobial resistance. Some gonorrhoea strains are becoming increasingly less susceptible for the current last resort antibiotic drug. The first part of this thesis elaborates on aspects of gonococcal infection (diagnostics, epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance and prevention in Indonesia. Due to limited resources syndromic management (diagnosis based solely on signs and symptoms) and light microscopic examination are still used in daily services in many Indonesian clinics, despite their limited sensitivity and specificity. The positivity rate of gonorrhoea among asymptomatic visitors of STI outpatient settings was above 22%, and isolated bacterial strains were almost all resistant to antibiotics currently used for gonorrhoea treatment in Indonesia. It is recommended to strengthen outreach STI services, to compose evidence based treatment guidelines to screen asymptomatic individuals, and to implement periodical AMR surveillance. The second part focused on gonorrhoea throat infections, based on studies in patients at the STI clinic, Amsterdam. Throat gonorrhoea plays an important role in the spread of infection and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Spontaneous clearance of throat infections was seen in a minority of cases, but more often when two instead of one antibiotic had been given. Throat gonorrhoea seems important for ongoing transmission and thus needs to be screened for, and treated.