The independent Republic of Lithuania, with Kaunas settled as the capital in 1919, rebuilt the foundations of modern Jewish, as well as Lithuanian, culture. In the newly formed state of Lithuania, the second largest community in the provisional capital was busy establishing its cultural life and searching for its identity. In the case of art, there was a correlation between the attempts to join the general artistic life of Lithuania and the satisfaction of the inner needs of the community. Lithuania‘s familiarity with Jewish art has been rather one-sided: what prevails is the analysis of Jewish artists‘ activity and creative work from the point of view of their integration into the general culture of the country. For this reason, the picture of interwar Lithuania‘s Jewish art and its contexts that has formed in Lithuanian art studies is incomplete, and many artists and artistic events have remained in the margins or completely unknown. This applies to the art and artists dedicated to the needs of the Jewish community, but also to the activities of local Jewish artists in other countries who left Lithuania. Jewish art life in Lithuania, as an individual and unique process that experienced ebbs and flows, adapted to political and historical realities, and absorbed and reflected a wide range of influences, was multifaceted and varied. Its trucated cognition does not allow us to see the overall picture as a whole, as a distinctive element of interwar Lithuanian cultural life. This kind of congition offers a new insight into the migration of artistic ideas and influences, art organisers and participants, and is important for the history of Jewish culture, but also for the general history of Lithuanian culture.