The research of this doctoral dissertation, was based on the optimization of insect rearing conditions with the aim of high nutrition insect meals production as an alternative feedstuffs. Research was conducted on three different insect specie – yellow meal worm, super worm and house cricket. It was investigated the influence of different substrates and time of rearing on nutritional properties of insect meals, such as proximate analysis, amino acid, fatty acid and mineral composition.In the second phase, research was based on protein isolation and improvement of protein extraction and purity. In this phase obtained proteins were characterized in terms of functional and biological properties.In the third phase of this doctoral thesis enzymatic hydrolysis of protein isolates was obtained. Acquired hydrolisates were investigated on the different antimicrobial tests.The results presented in this doctoral dissertation constitute scientific knowledge of the conditions of insect rearing, the nutritional composition of different insect meals, as well as their proteins which can be widely used in the feed and food production.