The problem of occupational safety and health has always been significant in the construction industry due to the specific nature of the industry itself. Analyzing the structure of construction companies in order to discover the potential risk, it was concluded that micro and small enterprises are at the root of everything. Micro and small enterprises represent a large share of the total number of construction companies without financial power and do not seriously address occupational safety and health issues. Defining the significance as well as the complete identification of factors enables the ranking of the level of safety and health at work in the mentioned companies whose ultimate goal is to improve safety and health at work.  The dissertation presents research aimed at developing reference models for ranking occupational safety and health in micro and small construction companies